{"id":848,"date":"2015-09-17T08:18:44","date_gmt":"2015-09-17T08:18:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/synvec.fr\/?p=848"},"modified":"2019-10-06T16:28:59","modified_gmt":"2019-10-06T16:28:59","slug":"la-maladie-dalzheimer-pourrait-etre-transmissible","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/synvec.fr\/en\/la-maladie-dalzheimer-pourrait-etre-transmissible\/","title":{"rendered":"Evidence for Person-to-Person Transmission of Alzheimer’s Pathology"},"content":{"rendered":"

Study raises question about whether proteins implicated in the disease are capable of spreading through medical procedures<\/p>\n

Prions are the misshapen proteins that replicate by inducing normal proteins to misfold and aggregate in the brain, leading to rare diseases such as mad cow and kuru. In recent years, scientists have discovered that similar processes of protein misfolding<\/a><\/span>\u00a0are at work in many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer\u2019s, Parkinson\u2019s and Lou Gehrig\u2019s disease. Now, a study in Nature<\/em><\/a><\/span> reveals the first evidence for human-to-human transmission of the misfolded proteins that underlie the pathology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/p>\n

The new findings draw upon earlier research conducted on a prion disease. Between 1958 and 1985, a number of individuals with short stature received shots of human growth hormone extracted from the pituitary glands of cadavers. The gland is a pea-sized structure that sits at the base of the brain. Some of these samples were contaminated with prions that caused certain patients to develop Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a rare and fatal brain disorder. Treatments ceased once these reports came to light, but by that time an estimated 30,000 people had already received the injections. As of 2012, researchers have identified 450 cases of CJD worldwide that are the result of these growth hormone injections and other medical procedures, including neurosurgery and transplants.<\/p>\n

Misfolding of the amyloid-beta proteins is a hallmark of Alzheimer\u2019s. Previous studies have shown<\/a><\/span> that minute amounts of amyloid-beta injected into animals such as mice or monkeys act as seeds that initiate a chain reaction of protein misfolding that resembles the pathology of Alzheimer\u2019s. However, until now, no studies have found evidence that this process occurs in humans.<\/p>\n

To explore the question of human transmission, John Collinge, a neuroscientist at University College London and his colleagues, conducted an autopsy study of eight patients who died from CJD after treatment with cadaver-derived growth factor. To their surprise, they found that six of the brains had the amyloid-beta pathology found in Alzheimer\u2019s patients, and four exhibited some degree of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, in which amyloid deposits build up on the walls of blood vessels in the brain.<\/p>\n

The patients were between the ages of 36 and 51\u2014typically too young to exhibit Alzheimer\u2019s pathology\u2014and none of the individuals bore genetic mutations associated with early onset of the disease. All evidence pointed toward one possibility: Like prions, amyloid-beta seeds were in the growth hormone injections and infected these individuals. Although none of the brains showed any other Alzheimer\u2019s disease markers, such as buildup of another misfolded protein called tau, the researchers suggest that had the patients not died young, they would have developed the disease later in life.<\/p>\n

The research may be a first step toward answering the question of whether human-to-human transmission of pathological proteins is possible. \u201cThis is an observational study,\u201d Collinge says. \u201cWe\u2019re simply describing what we see in these patients and we are trying to explain that.\u201d This study alone, he says, does not suffice to prove that the Alzheimer\u2019s disease process can be induced in one individual through contact with another\u2019s brain tissue. In a follow-up study, the researchers are hoping to obtain archived batches of the cadaver-derived human growth hormone to look for the presence of telltale, small clusters of amyloid–<\/em>beta.<\/em><\/p>\n

By Diana Kwon<\/p>\n

source link :\u00a0http:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/evidence-for-person-to-person-transmission-of-alzheimer-s-pathology\/<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Study raises question about whether proteins implicated in the disease are capable of spreading through medical procedures Prions are the misshapen proteins that replicate by inducing normal proteins to misfold and aggregate in the brain, leading to rare diseases such…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":849,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nEvidence for Person-to-Person Transmission of Alzheimer's Pathology - SYNVEC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/synvec.fr\/en\/la-maladie-dalzheimer-pourrait-etre-transmissible\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Evidence for Person-to-Person Transmission of Alzheimer's Pathology - 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